JUST ADD WATER? PRACTICAL HABITAT MANAGEMENT FOR SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE

Shawn Lockwood; Santa Clara Valley Water District; slockwood@valleywater.org; Janell Hillman, Sarah Gidre, Matthew Bozzo, Carla L. Angulo, Katie R. Smith

The majority of historical tidal wetlands in the San Francisco Estuary have been substantially anthropogenically impacted which makes these areas difficult to restore to tidal action once they are no longer in use, or difficult to manage even when water control infrastructure remains. One such property is Lower Coyote Creek Reach 1A, a mitigation area managed by Santa Clara Valley Water District (Valley Water). This area consists of diked, managed marsh, a shorebird pond, and adjacent uplands, with unmuted tidal marsh directly adjacent to the mitigation area. The diked marsh has been managed for the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse (SMHM) for decades, though SMHM have never thrived there. Following a SMHM survey in 2020, Valley Water biologists worked with WRA, Inc. biologists to develop updated management strategies. Between 2020-2023, Valley Water increased tidal action to the marsh by flooding the diked marsh for a one-week period once a month at peak tidal cycle, a significant change from the previous management strategy of flooding 2-3 times per year. Subsequently, in 2023, the mean pickleweed cover increased, captures of house mouse and rats decreased by 70%, and captures of Western harvest mouse and SMHM increased by 20% and 100% respectively.

Ecology and Conservation of Mammals (Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse)