UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF WESTERN BLUEBIRDS & TREE SWALLOWS IN WINEGRAPE VINEYARDS

Matt Johnson; Dept of Wildlife, Cal Poly Humboldt; mdj6@humboldt.edu; Breanna Martinico Dept., Cody Pham, Daniel Karp

Integrated pest management (IPM) often focuses on enhancing the control of pests by arthropod natural enemies (i.e., predators/parasitoids), but less work has focused on vertebrate predators of pests. In California, winegrapes are a key crop that may benefit from bird-mediated pest control of insect pests (e.g. sharpshooters carrying Pierce’s disease). Insecticide use by California winegrape growers has increased over time, with ~45M lbs applied in 2018. Birds could provide growers with an alternative, especially on organic fields where fewer insecticides can be applied. Despite the potential for birds to contribute to IPM, more research is needed to understand and harness their benefits for winegrape growers. Here, we report on the use of nest boxes to attract Western Bluebirds (Sialia mexicana) and Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) to vineyards in Napa Valley, documenting patterns of nest box selection. We found that both species preferred nest boxes in more open areas farther from wooded habitats and fitted with predator guards. Future work will examine the diet of both species, assess their capacity to affect pest numbers, and examine their response to local and landscape habitat features.

Poster Session