CO-OCCURRENCE OF BLACK BEARS, MOUNTAIN LIONS AND GRAY WOLVES IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

Jason V Lombardi; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Jason.Lombardi@wildlife.ca.gov; Fernando Najera, Aidan B. Branney, Juan Gonzaelz, Kent Laudon, T. Winston Vickers

Sympatric apex predators utilize different behaviors to reduce competitive or antagonistic interactions. Instances where one species is recovering or colonizing new areas, understanding these interactions is immensely valuable and is critical for assessing potential impacts on management of prey species and apex carnivores. Gray wolves (Canis lupus) began recolonizing California in 2011, expanding their range into the southern Sierra Nevada by 2023. Mountain lions (Puma concolor) and black bears (Ursus americanus) have known antagonistic interactions in Northern California, which can impact local big game populations. Additionally, gray wolves have been shown to negatively affect mountain lion abundance and activity patterns across western North America; however, this is understudied in California. Starting in July 2023, we initiated a multi-year camera study to understand gray wolf interactions with other carnivores across two study areas (58 camera stations) in the Cascade-Siskiyou and northern Sierra Nevada mountain ranges of California. Preliminary data gained from this study will shed light on potential temporal and spatial coexistence or avoidance. The study is projected to double in size across each landscape to assess localized population abundance of mountain lions and wolves, as well as interactions with the larger species guild. Future implications will aid apex carnivore ecology in California.

Ecology and Conservation of Mammals (Large Mammals)