DO VOCALIZATION PARAMETERS OF CALIFORNIA LEAST TERNS (STERNULA ANTILLARUM BROWNI) CHANGE IN RESPONSE TO A NEARBY ROCKET LAUNCH?

Megan R McCullah-Boozer; California State University Bakersfield; mmccullah@csub.edu; Rachel H. Budge, Levi T. Moats, EmilyV. Olivares Garnica, Lucas K. Hall, Kent L. Gee, Grant W. Hart, Dan P. Robinette, Emily Rice

Many species rely on acoustic signals for communication, and disruptions to these signals can negatively impact populations. California least terns (Sternula antillarum browni; herafter ‘terns’), a federally listed endangered migratory seabird, are particularly vulnerable, with statewide populations decreasing year over year. One tern nesting colony resides at Vandenberg Space Force Base, within 1 km of space launch complex 2 (SLC-2) operated by Firefly Aerospace. The effects of rocket noise on the vocalizations of this population are unknown. Our objective is to test competing hypotheses (Lombard effect or acoustic adaptation hypothesis) explaining the vocalization response of terns to a loud acoustic event like a rocket launch. In this analysis, we target the Firefly Aerospace Alpha rocket launch on July 3rd, 2024. We deployed 12 Wildlife Acoustics Song Meter SM4TS in March 2024 before terns arrived for nesting. Eight devices were spaced 100 meters apart, and the remaining four were configured in a square with a spacing of twenty-five meters. These devices recorded vocalizations and rocket launch noise from March 2024 to August 2024. Pre- and post-launch vocalization activity, amplitude, and frequencies are compared, and these results will be presented.

Natural History of Birds II   Student Paper